Snakes World

1. Sowo Cinde / Sowo Kembang / Sanca Kembang / Sanca Batik / Puspo Kajang (Phyton reticulatus)

Phyton reticulatus

2. Sanca Bodo / Sowo Pari (Phyton molurus bivittatus)

Phyton Mollurus bivittatus

3. Sanca Darah / Snake Dipong (Phyton curtus)

Phyton curtus

etc. ……………….(continued)

1. Snake Tedung / Snake Anang / Oraj Totok / Snake Tedong Selor (Ophiophagus hannah)
2. Snake Kobra / Snake Sendok / Snake Dumung / Snake Cabe / Oraj Bedul (Naja sputatrix)
3. Bandotan Bedor / Snake Tanah / Snake Gibug / Malayan Pit Viper (Calloselasma rhodostoma)
4. Bandotan Puspo (Daboia russeli)
5. Snake Weling / Oraj Weling / Snake Biludah (Bungarus candidus)
6. Snake Welang / Oraj Welang / Snake Belang (Bungarus fasciatus)
7. Snake Pudak Bromo / Snake Pudak Seruni / Snake Picung / Snake Wedudak Srengenge (Rabdophis subminiatus)
8. Truno Bamban / Snake Gadung / Snake Hijau Ekor Merah / Oraj Bungka (Cryptelitrops albolabris)
9. etc. ……………..(to be continued)

1. Snake Cincin Mas / Snake Taliwangsa (Boiga dendrophila)

Boiga dendrophila

2. Snake Bajing (Boiga cynodon)

Boiga cynodon

3. Snake Pucuk / Gadung Pari/ Gadung Pucuk / Ular Daun (Ahaetulla prasina)

Ahaetulla prasina

4. Snake Buhu / Snake Kadut (Homalopsis bucatta)

Homalopsis buccata

5. Snake Diwel / Snake Duwel (Enhydris enhydris)

Enhydris enhydris

6. Snake Baladewalangu (Xenelaphis hexagonatus)

(belum ada gambar)
etc. ………………………(to be continued)

Source: SIOUX-Lembaga Studi Ular Indonesia

1. Snake Trawang / Lanang Sapi / Rat-Snake (Coelognathus radiata)

Coelognathus radiatus or Snake Lanang Sapi (Indo. Version) or Rat-snake lives in a large part of South East Asia, China, Indonesia, Nepal, Burma, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand and Malaysia. They can have a length of 220 cm, but mostly they are between 160 – 180 cm. The specie has a round nose with large eyes. Behind their eyes they have black stripes over their head. The colours are between dark brown

Coelegnathus radiatus

and high yellow. The first part from the neck is just one colour, but if they are adults after 20 to 30 cm there begins a black stripe an both sides of their body, which is about 1/3 of the length of the snake. The last piece of the body is stripeless again. The both sides of the animal has a spotted pattron. It eats rats, mice, birds.

Coelognathus radiatus grow very quickly. They lay eggs for almost the whole year, except in the winter period, when the daylight is shorter than in the summer. When the first snakes come out of their eggs, the next eggs have already been laid by the female. They lay between 6 and 15 eggs at once, and the snakes will be born between 60 and 70 days, in a temperature of 27 to 29 degrees. What you need to know is that you have to make the substance, in which you keep the eggs, extra wet in the last week before the snakes get born. This is because the scale of the eggs is very hard, and if you don’t make this wet the snakes can’t get out of it. The risk if you don’t make your eggs a little wet is that your fully grown snakes will die in the egg. For the substrate you can use vermiculite, say dust or mos.

The young animals are about 20cm when they get born. Most of all they eat living baby mice, some of them you need to help eating by forcefeeding. Once they are eating they grow very fast and could grow until 80 cm within a year. Some of them are pubescent when they are just 2 years old.

2. Snake Kopi (Coelognathus flavolineata)

Wild caught specimens are very shy, nervous and aggressive. Captive bred are usually handleable but remain shy and nervous, however they still remain somewhat aggressive especially when removing them from their enclosure,

Coelegnathus flavolineatus

they do seem to calm down after a few minutes of gentle handling, but still can be unpredictable and bite without any provocation. They can have a length between 150-230cm. They lay 5-12 eggs, 2-4 clutches per year, eggs typically take 75-109 days incubation at 27°-29°C.

The appearance of C. flavolineatus is quite varied and depends mostly on where they come from.

Mainland forms are one of the most attractive with there bright, colourful appearance as hatchlings remaining with them throughout adulthood. Those from Vietnam, a recently discovered locale for this species, being the brightest and most sought after in captivity, with a golden yellow stripe edged with black, clean white & black chin markings and a raven coloured tail.

Javanese specimens fade out as they mature and the yellow stripe is less noticeable. The Sumatra population are brilliant yellow for the first third of there body and the stripe is very faintly visible, fading out to black at the tail giving a striking contrast. A tropical mainly terrestrial species which can be found from sea level to 900 m altitude. It is known from a wide variety of habitats including, rice fields, grassy plains, scrub areas of rain forest and even caves. Although a very secretive and shy species it has been recorded from areas around human settlements and even inside homes.

The diet of the Yellow Striped Ratsnake in the wild includes, Mice, Rats, Birds, Lizards, Frogs, Squirrels, Moles & Shrews. Coelognathus flavolineatus or Snake Kopi (Indo. Version) lives in Brunei, Burma, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand & Vietnam.

3. Snake Koros / Snake Kayu / Snake Sayur (Ptyas korros)

Large snake; total length up to 200 cm. There are 11-17 rows of scales, which are smooth or feebly keeled posteriorly. Head is narrow, oval to slightly triangular; body is slender and tail is long. Eye is large; iris is dirty yellow to brown, heavily dappled or mottled with coarse black pigment and pupil is round, jet black, surrounded by narrow ring of dirty yellow. There are 2-4 loreals and a moderate rounded ridge from upper eye to nostril at each side. Tongue is large, with a dark gray to blue-black stem. Upper head is uniform dark olive brown and the sides are lighter in color; the labials are not black-edged. Upper body and tail are uniform dark olive to gray brown, with dark-edged scales mainly posteriorly resembling a net pattern. There are about 9 indistinct or grey longitudinal stripes along body.

Ptyas korros

Juveniles have transverse rows of white spots across body anteriorly. Ventral head is creamy white to yellow. Ventral body is variable, usually yellow in neck region and anterior fifth to quarter of body, gradually merging with lighter yellow or dirty white posteriorly. Anal scale is divided and subcaudals are paired.
This semiarboreal, cathemeral (diurnal or nocturnal) snake inhabits the ground or trees in forests and farmland, and may appear near human residences. It preys on frogs, lizards, snakes, birds, eggs, and small mammals. Females produce 8-12 eggs per clutch in May and June; hatchlings measure about 26 cm in total length. This snake may be fairly nervous when captured and may whip about and thrash its body violently in an attempt to escape from its captor, but may be handled with little danger of biting after a few days. It can be identified by its relatively large eyes, the olive-colored tail with dark-edged scales, and the faint pale brown banding which occurs on the thickest part of the body (though this feature does not occur in mature adults).

4. Snake Bandotan Macan / Snake Jali (Ptyas mucosus)

Dhaman or Oriental Ratsnake (Ptyas mucosus) is a common species of colubrid snake found in parts of South and Southeast Asia. Growing to nearly two metres, they are large snakes and their colour varies from pale browns in dry regions to nearly black in moist forest areas. They are frequently found in urban areas where rodents thrive. Back light-brown, with light crossbars on anterior two thirds of body and dark crossbars on posterior third and tail.

Ptyas mucosus

Barring on forepart of body may be faded or even absent. Young snakes usually more olive in colour. Some adult specimens may be very dark. Ventrals whitish. Labials light cream in colour, heavily barred with black. Tail very long and whip-like. Scales smooth.

Found in a variety of habitats: agricultural fields, shrubland, grassland, around ponds and reservoirs, and edges of rural gardens. Much less common in densely wooded areas and rare in mountain grassland. In general, inhabits more arid areas than Ptyas korros. Often falls into catchwaters or enters them deliberately to find prey. Sometimes enters houses especially on farms in search of rodents. Strictly diurnal. A powerful, aggressive snake. When restrained, will strike and bite vigorously. Will also defecate in self-defence. Most adults do not tame or feed well, but one local large adult has lived in captivity for 17 years. Young specimens more even-tempered, but become more aggressive and wild as they mature. Commonly seen for sale in snake shops for its meat. Feeds on frogs, toads, birds and rodents. Accepts carrion in captivity. It’s oviparous. Lays 7-12 eggs which hatch in about 2 months. Hatchling about 30 cm long.

5. Snake Rumah / Sowo Emprit (Lycodon aulicus)

Lycodon aulicus

The Indian wolf snake (Lycodon aulicus) is a species of nonvenomous snake found in South Asia and Southeast Asia. Early naturalists have suggested its resemblance to the venomous common krait as an instance of Batesian mimicry.The colouration of this snake is variable.

This snake is often confused with the common krait. The presence of a loreal shield can be used to distinguish it from kraits.

Snout broad, much depressed, long, spatulate, with the upper lip swollen, and without canthus rostralis. Rostral shield very low, broad, slightly bent backwards on the upper surface of the snout; anterior frontals [= internasals] very small; posterior frontals [= prefrontals] longer than broad, much more so in adult specimens than in young ones; there is a lateral notch between the anterior and posterior frontals, in which the inner anterior angle of the loreal is received; the posterior frontals have an obtuse lateral angle corresponding to the suture between loreal and praeocular; occipitals elongate. Nostril small, directed upwards, between two nasals, the anterior of which is situated on the foremost part of the snout. Loreal single, large, nearly twice as long as broad. Praeocular single, in contact with the vertical [= frontal] and with the third labial; specimens in which it does not reach the vertical are very scarce. Two postoculars; supraciliary rather small. Nine upper labials, the third, fourth, and fifth of which enter the orbit. Temporals numerous, scale-like. Scales smooth, with a minute apical groove, in seventeen rows. Abdomen and tail with an angular ridge on each side. Ventrals 183-209; anal bifid, in a few specimens entire; subcaudals 57-77. Each maxillary is armed with two fangs in front, placed in a transverse line, the outer being much larger than the inner; the lateral longitudinal series of teeth commences at some distance from the fangs; they are small, from four to twelve in number, the last being considerably larger than the others; pterygoido-palatine teeth small, of equal size; mandible with two or three fangs on each side and with a series of small teeth.

6. Snake Pelangi /Snake Wlingi (Xenopeltis unicolor)

Xenopeltis unicolor is a non-venomous sunbeam snake species found in Southeast Asia and some regions of Indonesia. This is a primitive snake known for both its highly iridescent scales and its ability to reproduce quickly, as it is Oviparous and as such can lay up to 10 eggs at a time. No subspecies are currently recognized.

Xenopeltis unicolor

Grows to an average of about 1 m (3 ft 3 in). A fossorial species, the head is wedge-shaped and narrow with little neck delineation, which makes it easy to push through the soil. Its most defining characteristic is its iridescent, highly polished scales that give this snake its common name. They have a layer of dark pigmentation just below the surface on each scale that enhances the iridescence. The youngs look very similar to the adults, except that they have a strong white “collar” of scales evident just below the head. This coloration fades within the first year.

This is a primitive form of snake with both boid and python characteristics; which family it belongs to is still a matter of debate. Tends to live in open areas such as forest clearings, gardens and parks. Often encountered in rice paddies.

These snake are constrictors, killing their prey by suffocation in their muscular coils. They are fossorial and spend most of their time below ground. They may bite readily if handled roughly but mostly it will just try to escape if picked up. They also observed to vibrate their tails as if in a rattlesnake fashion when they feel threatened. The diet is varied, consisting primarily of frogs, reptiles, including other snakes, and small mammals. Oviparous, with females laying up to 10 eggs at a time.

7. Gadung Luwuk / Gadung Perak (Gonyosoma oxycephala)

The Grey-tailed Green Ratsnake (Gonyosoma oxycephalum) is a species of snake found in Southeast Asia. It is a thin snake with powerful and rough scales on its belly, ideal for climbing and moving in trees. It has smaller, smooth scales on its back.

Gonyosoma oxycephala

As its name indicates, the snake has a green body with a grey tail (usually brownish), and it also has a dark line horizontally across its eye. On the sides of its black tongue there may be a blue colour.

The red-tailed green ratsnake lives and spends its life in the trees and in cavities in trees. It seldom descends to the ground. It feeds almost exclusively on birds, but in captivity it can be trained to feed on small mammals . The female can reach a length of up to 2.4 m (almost 8 feet), while the male is generally a little bit smaller. Its average life span is 15 years. It reaches sexually maturity at the age of 4 years, and its eggs have a hatching time from 13 to 16 weeks. The female lays on average between 3 and 8 eggs usually between September and January and the hatchlings are about 45 cm (18 inches) long.

When the snake is stressed, it may inflate a bag of air in its neck, making it appear larger in size. In captivity, it has quite the ‘attitude’ and may strike at or bite an unwary handler.

8. Snake Tampar / Snake tali picis /Snake Lidi (Dendrelaphis pictus)

Dendrelaphis pictus

Painted Bronzeback (Dendrelaphis pictus) is a species of snake found in Southeast Asia and India. In the Painted Bronzeback the maxillary teeth number from 23 to 26, the eye is as long as the distance between the nostril and eye. The rostral scale is more broad than deep, and is visible from above. Internasal scales are as long as, or slightly shorter than, the praefrontal scales. The frontal scale is as long as its distance from the rostral or the tip of the snout, but shorter than the parietal scales. The loreal is long and there is one preocular and two postoculars. The temporal scales are 2+2, 1+1, or 1+2. There are nine (seven or eight) upper labials, with the fifth and sixth (or fourth to sixth) entering the eye. This snake has five (four) lower labials in contact with the anterior chin shields the latter shorter than the posterior, which are separated by one anterior and two posterior scales. Scales are in 15 rows, vertebrals about as large as the outer; Ventrals number 151–204, the anal scale is divided, and subcaudals number 103–174. The snake’s colouration is olive or brown above with a yellow lateral stripe, bordered below by a dark line between the outer scales and the ventrals. A black stripe on each side of the head passes through the eye, widens or breaks up into spots, separated by bluish-green bands on the nape. The upper lip is yellow, and the lower surface yellowish or greenish. Length of head and body approximately 740 mm and the tail 440 mm.

9. Bandotan Tutul / Bandotan Tunggal (Xenocrophis piscator)

Xenochrophis piscator

The Chequered Keelback or Asiatic Water Snake (Xenochrophis piscator) is a common species of non-venomous snake found in Asia. This snake’s eye is rather small, and shorter than its distance from the nostril in the adult. Its rostral scale is visible from above. The internasal scales are much narrowed anteriorly and subtriangular, with the anterior angle truncated and as long as the prefrontal scales. The frontal scale is longer than its distance from the end of the snout, and as long as the parietals or a little shorter. The loreal is nearly as long as it is deep. There is one preocular and three (rarely four) post-oculars. Its temporals are 2+2 or 2+3. There are normally nine upper labials, with the fourth and fifth entering the eye and five lower labials in contact with the anterior chin-shields, which are shorter than the posterior. Scales are arranged in 19 rows, strongly keeled, with outer rows smooth. Ventrals are at 125–158, anal divided, with subcaudals at 64–90. Coloration is very variable, consisting of dark spots arranged quincuncially and often separated by a whitish network, or of black longitudinal bands on a pale ground, or of dark cross bands, with or without whitish spots. Two oblique black streaks, one below and the other behind the eye, are nearly constant, lower parts white, with or without black margins to the shields.

This snake is found in or near fresh water lakes or rivers. It feeds mainly on small fish and water frogs. The species is found in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, West Malaysia, China (Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan), Taiwan, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Celebes = Sulawesi).

etc. ……………..(to be continued)

Source: SIOUX-Lembaga Studi Ular Indonesia